All types of heart valve disease are more common with age, although some may be caused by congenital heart defects. For example, a type of malformed aortic valve is a bicuspid aortic valve. This causes blood to pass through a smaller, restricted opening.
Watch a video explaining a bicuspid valve link opens in new window. Most valve conditions are very treatable with medications and procedures or surgery. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. Healthy eating and lifestyle changes can help to manage high blood pressure. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can increase your risk of heart attack, kidney failure and stroke.
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The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website. Skip to main content. Home Heart. Aortic stenosis. Actions for this page Listen Print. Having a congenital heart defect such as a bicuspid aortic valve requires regular checkups by a doctor. The valve defect may not cause any problems until adulthood. If the valve begins to narrow or leak, it may need to be repaired or replaced.
Calcium buildup on the valve. Calcium is a mineral found in your blood. As blood repeatedly flows over the aortic valve, calcium deposits can build up on the heart valves aortic valve calcification. The calcium deposits may never cause any problems.
Aortic valve stenosis that's related to increasing age and calcium deposit buildup usually doesn't cause symptoms until ages 70 or However, in some people — particularly those with a congenital aortic valve defect — calcium deposits result in stiffening of the valve cusps at a younger age.
Heart valve calcium deposits aren't linked to taking calcium tablets or drinking calcium-fortified products. Rheumatic fever. This complication of strep throat infection may result in scar tissue forming on the aortic valve.
Scar tissue can narrow the aortic valve opening or create a rough surface on which calcium deposits can collect. Rheumatic fever may damage more than one heart valve, and in more than one way.
While rheumatic fever is rare in the United States, some older adults had rheumatic fever as children. Once you know that you have aortic valve stenosis, your doctor may recommend that you limit strenuous activity to avoid overworking your heart.
Aortic valve stenosis care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Aortic valve stenosis — or aortic stenosis — occurs when the heart's aortic valve narrows.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Chambers and valves of the heart Open pop-up dialog box Close. This means the valve cannot fully open and close like it should. As the opening becomes smaller, it makes it harder for the heart to pump blood, which can affect your health. This condition is called aortic stenosis also called aortic valve stenosis or aorta stenosis. Aortic stenosis is a progressive disease that affects up to 2.
In most elderly adults, aortic stenosis is caused by a build-up of calcium a mineral found in your blood on the valve leaflets. Over time, this causes the leaflets to become stiff, reducing their ability to fully open and close. A normal aortic valve contains three leaflets.
But sometimes people are born with an aortic valve that has one, two, or four leaflets. When defects are present, the aortic valve may leak and this can cause valve problems. Sometimes strep throat can lead to rheumatic fever which can cause scar tissue to form within the heart. When this happens, the aortic valve may not be able to open and close as it normally should. Some people may develop inflammation and scar tissue after receiving radiation therapy.
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