Cheap labor and attractive tax laws attracted American companies, and soon the Puerto Rican economy was firmly grounded in manufacturing and tourism. Today, Puerto Rico is a leading tourist destination and manufacturing center; the island produces high-tech equipment and many top-selling American pharmaceuticals.
Puerto Ricans received U. Commonwealth in Only through the acquisition of this language will Puerto Rican Americans secure a better understanding of American ideals and principles.
In July 25, the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico was approved indicting: 1 a public instruction system, free and no segregated and 2 instruction will be free and compulsory. Today, education is a matter of high priority for Puerto Rico, it is evident in the island's overall literacy rate of 94 percent and its budget for education, approximately 40 percent. Puerto Rico also has one of the highest college education rates in the whole world.
Education is obligatory between 6 to 17 years old. Primary school consists of six grades; the secondary levels is divided into 2 cycles of 3 years each. The school term in public schools starts in August through mid-December and January through late May. As of , there are 1, public schools and another private schools throughout the island.
The school system is administered by the Department of Education and has several levels of learning. The language used in the schools is Spanish, however, English is taught from kindergarten to high school as part of the school curriculum.
Some private schools provide English programs where all classes are conducted in English except for the Spanish class. Puerto Rico has more than 50 institutions of higher education, including universities, colleges, community colleges and technical institutes. Spanish and English are the official languages of Puerto Rico, but Spanish is without a doubt the dominant language.
The U. Census Bureau reports that, in , Religious freedom for all faiths is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Churches of many denominations can be found throughout the island, with Christianity being the majority religion. According to one of the most recent surveys conducted by the Pew Research Center , the majority of Puerto Ricans identified as Christians Historically, Puerto Ricans have been mostly Roman Catholic Catholicism was brought to the island by the Spanish during their settlement that began in the early s.
Christian colonizers believed they had the right to conquer and colonize the New World to bring Christianity to the Native Americans.
Gradually Catholicism became the dominant religion in Puerto Rico. Although Catholicism in Puerto Rico stray away from some traditional dogma, rituals, and practices of Spain and Italy churches to combine elements Indian and African beliefs. Some islanders ascribe to Espiritismo , which combines elements of the Catholic religion and Indian beliefs in nature-dwelling spirits that can be called on to effect change in one's life.
Today, each town has at least one Catholic Church and generally located at the plaza or town center. Following the United States acquisition of the island in , Protestantism began to grow on the island. It is now the second largest religious group in the island Under international law, a free associated state is an independent country that has enhanced association with another country through a treaty.
This is also a misnomer since Puerto Rico is not an independent country but rather a U. For hundreds of years, the people of Puerto Rico have fought to decolonize the archipelago. However, there has long been division over the best way to resolve this issue: statehood, enhanced commonwealth status where Puerto Rico is still in relationship with the United States but given more autonomy or independence.
Likewise, by simple legislation, Congress can provide for the independence of a territory. Despite its constitutional and legal simplicity, politics make the process complex. In November , Puerto Ricans voted in a non-binding referendum on statehood. About 53 percent of Puerto Ricans favored statehood, while 47 percent rejected it. However, only 55 percent of Puerto Ricans voted in the referendum. Statehood proponents viewed the results as proof that most Puerto Ricans want the territory to be admitted, but opponents questioned the validity of the votes as referendums are unbinding, often promoted solely by the pro-statehood party and include the opinions of only half of Puerto Ricans.
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